Expt 1 - Part 1, Part 2 & Part 3

Explanation

This Java program, named LargestElement, is designed to identify and print the largest numerical value present within a predefined array of integers.

The program begins by defining a class, LargestElement, which acts as a container for our code. Inside this class, the main method serves as the entry point for the program's execution.

Within the main method, an integer array named arr is declared and initialized with five specific integer values: 12, 45, 7, 89, 34. To find the largest element, the program first makes an initial assumption: it declares an integer variable largest and assigns it the value of the first element of the array (arr[0], which is 12). This serves as our starting point for comparison.

Next, a for loop is used to iterate through the rest of the array. The loop starts from the second element (index 1) because the first element (index 0) has already been assigned to largest. For each element in the array from the second one onwards, the program performs a comparison:

• It checks if the current array element (arr[i]) is greater than the value currently stored in the largest variable.
• If arr[i] is greater, it means we've found a new larger element. In this case, the largest variable is updated to hold the value of arr[i].
• If arr[i] is not greater, largest retains its current value, and the loop moves to the next element.

This process continues until all elements in the array have been checked. Once the loop completes, the largest variable will hold the absolute largest value found in the entire array. Finally, the program prints this value to the console, accompanied by a descriptive message.

Algorithm

The algorithm used to find the largest element in an array can be described as follows:

1. Start: Begin the program execution.
2. Declare and Initialize Array: Create an integer array and populate it with the given set of numbers.
3. Initialize largest: Declare an integer variable, largest, and assign it the value of the first element of the array. This variable will store the maximum value found so far.
4. Iterate Through Array: Start a loop that iterates through the array, beginning from the second element (index 1) up to the last element.
5. Compare Elements: Inside the loop, for each element arr[i]:
   • Compare arr[i] with the current value of largest.
6. Update largest: If arr[i] is found to be greater than largest, then update the value of largest to arr[i].
7. Loop Continuation: Continue the loop until all elements have been checked.
8. Display Result: After the loop finishes, print the final value stored in the largest variable.
9. End: Terminate the program.